Forntida egyptiske kungen Tutankhamuns guldbegravn Vykort

Ancient Egyptian King Tutankhamun Gold Burial Mask ... The Ancient Egypt Civilization arose on the still green Nile Valley long before 3100 BC as the once green pasture land Sahara region began to become desert the African nomadic cattle herders of the once green pasture land Sahara began to migrate into the still lush green Nile Valley and there developed agriculture and a great civilization dependent upon the annual Nile flood which coated the agricultural land with fresh black soil on which they grew their crops. Since the annual flooding erased geographic boundaries between family lands the Ancient Egyptians developed geometry for land surveying so the government could fairly determine areas of landholdings to impose taxation. So, by 3100 BC the African Nile Valley civilization had Pharaohs, a system of government, geometry, mathematics, weights and measures for trade, agriculture, beer, bread, celebrations and festivals, monuments, ability to divert rivers to build cities such as Memphis, armies and weapons, housing, gardens, boats, a calendar based upon the Sun and the moon and the stars, medicine, religious beliefs and priests, and a moral code to enable them to live well in the after-life. They had many gods who some who were related by family relationships with a chief god. The god Thoth they believed invented their hieroglyphic writing as well as medicine. Their god Osiris brought them agriculture and was married to his sister Isis and they had their son Horus who was conceived after the death of Osiris who had been killed by their brother Set (Seth). Osiris, Isis, Set, and Nepthys were all brothers and sisters. Isis married Osiris. Nepthys married Set. Set killed Osiris and cut up the body placing parts everywhere. Isis gathered all the parts except the male organ which she substituted with one made of wood ... nonetheless the reborn Osiris fathered a son Horus. Each new Pharaoh became Horus and after death became one with Osiris / Ra ...as Osiris after his death became king of the after-life and became one with the chief Sun god Ra. There were many interesting gods besides these. So, long before 3100 BC they also had all these stories and or beliefs about these gods ... stories they taught to their children. They had a civilization with trade, agriculture, beer, armies, a pantheon of gods with their stories, written language, and a moral code they lived by to enable them to pass the judgement or weighing of their heart which had to be lighter than a feather used to balance it on judgement day to let them pass into the after-life. They had to recite a list of evils they had not committed ... sort of a reverse ten commandments ... they had a king ... Osiris ... who was reborn after death ... and Horus had a miraculous birth ... and the mother and child icon existed with Isis and Horus similar to the modern Christian Virgin and Child. They began building pyramids by about 2600 BC. For this they required the understanding of how to determine slope. By time Tutankhamun was born (as Tutankhaten) the pyramids and Book of the Dead spells were all very ancient. This gold burial mask of Tutankhamun was made of pure gold and found on the shoulders of his mummy inside his pure gold inner-most coffin nested inside two other mummy-form gold covered wood coffins inside a granite sarcophagus inside nested gold covered shrines all of which was snug inside his tomb carved into solid rock. The tomb itself was discovered in 1920 but the pure gold funerary mask was not seen until the innermost pure gold coffin was opened in 1925. In life, each Pharaoh had a Horus name and he identified as Horus the son of god Osiris. Upon his death, each pharaoh was identified with Horus' father Osiris thus taking on the funerary mask with the image of Osiris, god of agriculture and god of the dead upon which he made judgement for worthiness whether Yes soul could enter the blessed after-life of plenty of be eaten by the hippo monster (thus going to Hell). The original Osiris was probably a shepherd king since his symbols that Tut holds over his chest the shepherd's crook and flail. Osiris himself identified with the Sun god Ra, thus the stripes are the rays of the Sun. On his forehead are the goddesses of upper and lower Egypt protecting him and all Egypt.